Interpenetration of 3D Nets

3D nets can display numerous topologies, and numerous ways of interpenetrating. Structures with the same networks topologies can show different topologies of interpenetration (see previous page), and thus the interpenetration topology should always be examined closely. Some examples of 3D interpenetration are shown below.

Two interpenetrating diamond 3D nets

Three interpenetrating alpha-Po 3D nets

Two interpenetrating 3,5-connected 3D nets

Two interpenetrating rutile 3D nets